Hoang Dung Nguyen * , Thach Nguyen Co , Hien Huynh The and Ngan Nguyen Mai

* Corresponding author (hoangdung@ctu.edu.vn)

Main Article Content

Abstract

The paper proposes a new method to control external device in real-time using electroencephalography-based brain signals. The brain signals of a healthy female student at F7 and F8 channels are recorded from Emotiv Epoc+. They are filtered using a combination of wavelet approach and recursive least square estimation to remove unwanted noises. Open and closed eyes states are extracted from filtered brain signals. The support vector machine approach is applied to classify two states of eyes (open and closed). The classified eyes states are utilized to generate the on and off commands, respectively. Those commands are sent to an Arduino control board to control on and off states of the light. Experimental results showed that the average accuracy of two control commands is 81.6%. The obtained results promise for extraction of more commands that can be utilized for applications in daily life.

Keywords: Brain-computer interfaces, eyes states, feature extrac-tion, Support Vector Machine classification, electroen-cephalography

Article Details

References

Illes, J., & Sahakian, B. J. (Eds.). (2013). Oxford handbook of neuroethics, Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.

Lopes da Silva, F. (2013). EEG and MEG: Relevance to Neuroscience. Neuron, 80(5), 1112-1128.

William, O.T., Aatif, M.H., Selim, R.B., and Peter W.K. (2014). Handbook of EEG interpretation. Demos Medical Publishing.

Nguyen, H.-D. and Hong, K.-S. (2016). Bundled-optode method in functional near-infrared spectroscopy. PLoS ONE, 11(10): e0165146.

Nguyen, H.-D. and Hong, K.-S. (2016). Bundled-optode implementation for 3D imaging in functional near-infrared spectroscopy, Biomedical Optics Express, 7(9):3491-3507.

Hong, K.-S. and Nguyen, H.-D. (2014). State-space models of impulse hemodynamic responses over motor, somatosensory, and visual cortices. Biomedical Optics Express, 5(6), 1778-1798.

Nguyen, H.-D. and Hong, K.-S. (2015a). Optimizing a hemodynamic model in the human motor cortex. 2015 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics (AIM). July 7-11, Busan, Republic of Korea, 71-176.

Nguyen, H.-D. and Hong, K.-S. (2015b). Multiple optodes configuration for measuring the absolute hemodynamic response using spatially resolved spectroscopy method: an FNIRS study. 2015 15th International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems (ICCAS 2015). Oct, 13-16, BEXCO, Busan, Republic of Korea, 1827-1832.

Nguyen, H.-D., Yoo, S.-H., Bhutta, M.R., and Hong, K.-S. (2018). Adaptive filtering of physiological noises in fNIRS data. Biomedical engineering online, 17(1), 180.

Vaibhav Gandhi (2014). Brain-computer Interfacing for Assistive Robotics Electroencephalograms, Recurrent Quantum and User-Centric Graphical Interfaces. 1 st Editon, Academic Press; 1st Edition (October 8, 2014).

Vidal, J.J. (1973). Toward direct brain-computer communication. Annual Review of Biophysics and Bioengineering, 2, 157-180.

Bashashati, A., Fatourechi, M., Ward, R.K., and Birch G.E. (2007). A survey of signal processing algorithms in brain-computer interfaces based on electrical brain signals, Journal of Neural Engineering, 4(2), R35-57.

Townsend, G., LaPallo, B. K., Boulay, C. B., Krusienski, D. J., Frye, G. E., Hauser, C., ... & Sellers, E. W. (2010). A novel P300-based brain–computer interface stimulus presentation paradigm: moving beyond rows and columns. Clinical neurophysiology, 121(7), 1109-1120.

Nguyen, H.-D. and Huynh, T.H. (2018). Controlling the Position of the Carriage in Real-Time Using the RBF Neural Network Based PID Controller. The 18th International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems (ICCAS 2018). Oct. 17 ~20; YongPyong Resort, PyeongChang, GangWon, Korea, 1418-1423.

Kha, H.H., Kha, V.A., and Hung, D.Q. (2016). Brainwave-Controlled Applications with the Emotiv EPOC Using Support Vector Machine. 2016 3rd International Conference on Information Technology, Computer, and Electrical Engineering (ICITACEE), Semarang, Indonesia, 19-20 Oct.

Nguyen, H.-D., Nguyen, M.N., and Huynh, T.H. (2019). “Controlling Robot Arm by Brain Waves Based on Facial Expressions,” Proceeding of 15th International Conference on Multimedia InformationTechnology and Applications (MITA2019) ISSN: 1975-4736, 515-520.

Jasper, H. (1958). The ten-twenty electrode system of the International Federation.  Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 10: 371-375.

Peng, H., Hu, B., Shi, Q., Ratcliffe, M., Zhao, Q., Qi, Y., & Gao, G. (2013). Removal of ocular artifacts in EEG—An improved approach combining DWT and ANC for portable applications. IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics, 17(3), 600-607.

Maddirala, A.K. and Shaik, R.A. (2016). Removal of EOG Artifacts From Single Channel EEG Signals Using Combined Singular Spectrum Analysis and Adaptive Noise Canceler. IEEE Sensors Journal, 16(23), 8279-8287.

Bhuvaneswari P. and Satheesh Kumar J. 2013. Support Vector Machine Technique for EEG Signals. International Journal of Computer Applications, 63(13), 0975-0980.

Byun, H. and Lee, S.W. (2002). Applications of Support Vector Machines for Pattern Recognition: A Survey. In: Lee SW., Verri A. (eds) Pattern Recognition with Support Vector Machines (SVM). Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 2388. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45665-1_17.

Vaishali Tyagi (2019). A Review on Image Classification Techniques to classify Neurological Disorders of brain MRI. 2019 International Conference on Issues and Challenges in Intelligent Computing Techniques (ICICT).  27-28 Sept. 2019, GHAZIABAD, India.

Walid Yassin, Hironori Nakatani, Yinghan Zhu, et al. (2020). Machine-learning classification using neuroimaging data in schizophrenia, autism, ultra-high risk and first-episode psychosis. Translational Psychiatry, 10: AN. 278.