A revisit on dissipation and its relation to irreversible processes

Nguyen Quang Long , Nguyen Chi Thuan * and Hoang Ngoc Ha

* Corresponding author (ncthuan@nomail.com)

Article Sidebar

Full Text: PDF

Received: 25 Jan 2016
Revised: 11 May 2016
Accepted: 08 Jul 2016
Published: 30 Jul 2016
DOI: 10.22144/ctu.jsi.2016.005
Views
118
Downloads
43
Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC
How to Cite
Nguyen, Q. L., Nguyen, C. T., & Hoang, N. H. (2016). A revisit on dissipation and its relation to irreversible processes. CTU Journal of Innovation and Sustainable Development , (Renewable Energy), 29-35. https://doi.org/10.22144/ctu.jsi.2016.005
Issue
No. Special Issue on Renewable Energy (2016)

Main Article Content

Abstract

As usual, industrial process systems operate far from (stable) equilibrium. Under practical operating conditions when putting the system back in equilibrium, this gives rise to the loss of energy (or certain generalized energy). Following the second law of thermodynamics, an irreversible process generates entropy. On the basis of this property, we propose an approach that allows to investigate quantitatively the amount of (generalized) energy lost when the system reaches equilibrium. A liquid phase reactor modelled with the CSTR (continuous stirred tank reactor) in which the acid-catalyzed hydration of 2-3-epoxy-1-propanol to glycerol subject to steady state multiplicity takes place is used to illustrate the results.
Keywords: Entropy, energy, entropy production, irreversibility

Article Details

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

References

Alonso, A.A., Ydstie, B.E., 2001. Stabilization of distributed systems using irreversible thermodynamics. Automatica. 37:1739–1755.

Alvarez-Ramírez, J., Morales, A., 2000. PI control of continuously stirred tank reactors: Stability and performance. Chem. Eng. Sci. 55(22):5497–5507.

Antonelli, R., Astolfi, A., 2003. Continuous stirred tank reactors: Easy to stabilise? Automatica. 39:1817–1827.

Callen, H.B., 1985. Thermodynamics and an introduction to thermostatics, 2nd edition. John Wiley & Sons, New York.

Eberard, D., Maschke, B., Van Der Schaft, A., 2007. An extension of pseudo Hamiltonian systems to the thermodynamic space: towards a geometry of non-equilibrium thermodynamics. Reports on Mathematical Physics. 60(2):175–198.

Ederer, M., Gilles, E.D., Sawodny, O., 2011. The Glansdorff-Prigogine stability criterion for biochemical reaction networks. Automatica. 47:1097–1104.

Favache, A., Dochain, D., 2009. Thermodynamics and chemical systems stability: the CSTR case study revisited. Journal of Process Control. 19(3):371–379.

Favache, A., Dochain, D., 2010. Power-shaping of reaction systems: The CSTR case study. Automatica. 46(11):1877–1883.

Glansdorff, P., Prigogine, I., 1971. Thermodynamic theory of structure, stability and fluctuations. Wiley-Interscience.

De Groot, S.R., Mazur, P., 1962. Non-equilibrium Thermodynamics, first edition. Dover Pub. Inc., Amsterdam.

Hangos, K.M., Bokor, J., Szederkényi, G., 2001. Hamiltonian view on process systems. AIChE Journal. 47(8):1819–1831.

Heemskerk, A.H., Dammers, W.R., Fortuin, J.M.H., 1980. Limit cycles measured in a liquid-phase reaction system. Chemical Engineering Science. 32:439–445.

Hoang, H., Couenne, F., Jallut, C., Le Gorrec, Y., 2011. The Port Hamiltonian approach to modeling and control of Continuous Stirred Tank Reactors. Journal of Process Control. 21(10):1449–1458.

Hoang, H., Couenne, F., Jallut, C., Le Gorrec, Y., 2012. Lyapunov-based control of non isothermal continuous stirred tank reactors using irreversible thermodynamics. Journal of Process Control. 22(2):412–422.

Hoang, N.H., Couenne, F., Jallut, C., Le Gorrec, Y., 2013a. Thermodynamics based stability analysis and its use for nonlinear stabilization of the CSTR. Computers and Chemical Engineering. 58:156–177.

Hoang, N.H., Dochain, D., 2013b. Entropy-based stabilizing feedback law under input constraints of a CSTR. Proceedings of the 10th IFAC International Symposium on Dynamics and Control of Process Systems. Mumbai, India. pp. 27–32.

Hoang, N.H., Dochain, D., Hudon, N., 2014. A thermodynamic approach towards Lyapunov based control of reaction rate. Proceedings of the 19th IFAC World Congress, Cape Town, South Africa. pp. 9117–9122.

Hudon, N., Höffner, K., Guay, M., 2008. Equivalence to dissipative Hamiltonian realization. Proceedings of the 47th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control. Cancun, Mexico. pp. 3163–3168.

Luyben, W.L., 1990. Process modeling, simulation and control for chemical engineers, 2nd edition, McGraw-Hill.

Rehmus, P., Zimmermann, E.C., Ross, J., 1983. The periodically forces conversion of 2-3-epoxy-1-propanol to glycerine: a theoretical analysis. J. Chem. Phys. 78:7241–7251.

Sandler, S.I., 1999. Chemical and Engineering Thermodynamics, 3rd edition, Wiley and Sons.

Van Heerden, C., 1953. Autothermic processes. Ind. Eng. Chem. 45(6):1242–1247.

Viel, F., Jadot, F., Bastin, G., 1997. Global stabilization of exothermic chemical reactors under input constraints. Automatica. 33(8):1437–1448.

Vleeschhouwer, P.H.M., Vermeulen, D.P., Fortuin, J.M.H., 1988. Transient behavior of a chemically reacting system in a CSTR. AIChE Journal. 34:1736–1739.

Vleeschhouwer, P.H.M., Fortuin, J.M.H., 1990. Theory and experiments concerning the stability of a reacting system in a CSTR. AIChE Journal. 36:961–965.

Ydstie, B.E, 2007. Availability and dissipativity in networks: Foundations of process control. AIP Conference Proceedings. doi: 10.1063/1.2979058. pp. 350–355.

Ydstie, B.E., Alonso, A.A., 1997. Process systems and passivity via the Clausius-Planck inequality. Systems & Control Letters. 30(5):253–264.