Effects of nitrite exposure on haematological parameters and growth in clown knifefish (Chitala ornata, Gray 1831)

Le Thi Hong Gam * , Nguyen Thanh Phuong , Nguyen Thi Thuy Vu , Do Thi Thanh Huong and Pham Ngoc Nhu

* Corresponding author (gamp0613005@gstudent.ctu.edu.vn)

Article Sidebar

Full Text: PDF

Received: 07 Aug 2017
Revised: 06 Nov 2017
Accepted: 09 Mar 2018
Published: 30 Mar 2018
DOI: 10.22144/ctu.jen.2018.001
Views
446
Downloads
133
Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC
How to Cite
Le, T. H. G., Nguyen, T. P., Nguyen, T. T. V., Do, T. T. H., & Pham, N. N. (2018). Effects of nitrite exposure on haematological parameters and growth in clown knifefish (Chitala ornata, Gray 1831). CTU Journal of Innovation and Sustainable Development , (08), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.22144/ctu.jen.2018.001
Issue
No. 08 (2018)

Main Article Content

Abstract

Physiological responses and growth of clown knifefish (Chitala ornata) (initial weight of 11-12 g) exposed to nitrite were investigated with three separate experiments. The first experiment was to determine the nitrite concentration causing 50% mortality in 96 hours (96-h LC50). The second experiment examined the effects of different nitrite concentrations on haematological parameters. The third experiment investigated into the effects of different nitrite concentrations on fish growth including 4 treatments such as control, 0.2 mM nitrite, 0.4 mM nitrite, and 4 mM nitrite for measuring growth parameters at days 0, 30, 60, and 90 days (sampling 30 fish/tank). The results showed that the clown knifefish had high nitrite tolerance with 96-h LC50 of 7.82 mM. There were significant increases in methaemoglobin and leukocytes while other haematological parameters decreased during nitrite exposures at the treatment of 4 mM nitrite. Particularly, methaemoglobin and the number of leukocytes increased from 0.4 to 29.5%, and from 39.89x103 to 72.33x103 cells/mm3, respectively. Differently, there were significant declines in the number of erythrocyte (3.19x106–2.33x106 cells/mm3), haemoglobin (10.47-7.04 mM), and haematocrit (38.07-26.5%) at the highest nitrite treatment. After 90 days, daily weight gain (0.25±0.02 g/day), specific growth rate (1.18±0.07 %/day), survival rate (59%) at the treatment of 4 mM nitrite were significantly lower than those of the control, but no significant difference was observed in such parameters between the control and the treatments of 0.2 or 0.4 mM nitrite.
Keywords: Clown knifefish, growth, haematological parameters, nitrite

Article Details

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

References

Aggergaard, S., and Jensen, F.B., 2001. Cardiovascular changes and physiological response during nitrite exposure in rainbow trout. Journal of Fish Biology. 59(1): 13-27.

Almendras, J.M.E., 1987. Acute nitrite toxicity and methemoglobinemia in juvenile milkfish (Chanos chanos). Aquaculture. 61(1): 33-40.

Avilez, I.M., Altran, A.E., Aguiar, L.H., Moraes, G., 2004. Hematological responses of the Neotropical teleost matrinxa˜ (Brycon cephalus) to environmental nitrite. Comparative Biochemistry Physiology, Part C. 139(1-3): 135-139.

Bloom J. C., and Brandt J.T., 2001. Toxic responses of the blood. In “Casarett and Doull’s Toxicology. The Basic Science of Poisons”. McGraw-Hill, New York, pp. 389-417.

Boyd, C.E., 1990. Water quality in ponds for aquaculture. Agriculture Experiment Station, Auburn University, Alabama, 482 pages

Brauner, C.J., Ballantine, C.L., Randall, D.J., and Val, A.L., 1995. Air breathing in the amoured catfish (Hoplosternun littorale) as an adaptation to hypoxic, acidic, and hydrogen sulphide rich waters. Canadian. Journal of Zoology. 73(4): 739-744

Camargo, J.A., Alonso, A., and Salamanca, A., 2005. Nitrate toxicity to aquatic animals: A review with new data for freshwater invertebrates. Chemosphere. 58(9): 1255-1267.

Colt, J., Ludwig, R., Tchobanoglous, G., and Cech, J.J., 1981. The effects of nitrite on the short-term growth and survival of channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus. Aquaculture. 24: 111-122.

DARD, Department of Aquaculture and Rural Development of Hau Giang province, 2011. Summary report in 2011 and Plans in 2012, 19 pages (in Vietnamese).

Das P.C., Ayyappan, S., Jena J.K., and Das, B.K., 2004a. Effect of sublethal nitrite on selected haematological parameters in fingerling, Catla catla (Hamilton). Aquaculture Research, 35(9): 874-880.

Das, P.C., Ayyappan, S., Jena J.K., and Das, B.K., 2004b. Nitrite toxicity in Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham.): acute toxicity and sub-lethal effect on selected haematological parameters. Aquaculture. 235(1-4): 633-644.

Do Thi Thanh Huong and Le Tran Tuong Vi, 2013. Effects of nitrite on some haematological parameters and growth in snakehead Channa striata. Can Tho University Journal of Science. Part B: Agriculture, Aquaculture and Biotechnology. 27: 154-160. (in Vietnamese).

Do Thi Thanh Huong and Nguyen Van Tu, 2010. Introduction to Physiology of Aquatic animals. Agriculture publishing house, Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam. 152 pages (in Vietnamese).

Duncan, W.P., Paula da Silva, M.N., and Almeida-Val, V.M.F., 1999. Effects of nitrite on hematology and metabolic parameters of an Amazonian catfish, Hoplosternum littorale (Callichthyidae) International Congress on the Biology of Fish, 1998 Baltimore, USA. Special Adaptations of Tropical Fish, pp. 29-35.

Eddy, F.B., and Williams, E.M., 1987. Nitrite and Freshwater. Chemistry and Ecology. 3(1): 1-38.

Everse J., and Hsia N., 1997. The toxicities of native and modified hemoglobins. Free Radical Biology and Medicine. 22(6): 1075-1099.

Francis-Floyd. R., 1990. Stress - its role in fish diseases. IFAS Circular 919, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, University of Florida, Gainesville, 4 pages.

Gam, L.T.H., Jensen, F.B., Damsgaard, C., Huong, D.T.T., Phuong, N.T., and Bayley, M., 2017. Extreme nitrite tolerance in the clown knifefish Chitala ornata is linked to up-regulation of methaemoglobin reductase activity. Aquatic Toxicology. 187: 9-17.

Hargreaves, J.A., 1998. Nitrogen biogeochemistry of aquaculture ponds. Aquaculture. 166(3-4): 181-212.

Huey, D.W., and Beitinger. T.L., 1982. A methemoglobin reductase system in channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus. Canadian Journal of Zoology. 60(6): 1511-1513.

Jensen, F.B., and Rohde, S., 2010. Comparative analysis of nitrite uptake and hemoglobin-nitrite reactions in erythrocytes: sorting out uptake mechanisms and oxygenation dependencies. American Journal of Physiology. 298(4): 972-982.

Jensen, F.B., 1990. Nitrite and red cell function in carp: control factors for nitrite entry, membrane potassium ion permeation, oxygen affinity and methaemoglobin formation. Journal of experimental Biology, 152: 149-166.

Jensen, F.B., 2003. Nitrite disrupts multiple physiological functions in aquatic animals. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular and Integrative Physiology. 135(1): 9-24.

Jensen, F.B., 2007. Nitric oxide formation from nitrite in zebrafish. Journal of Experimental Biology. 210(19): 3387-3394.

Jensen, F.B., 2009. The dual roles of red blood cells in tissue oxygen delivery: Oxygen carriers and regulators of local blood flow. Journal of Experimental Biology. 212(21): 3387-3393.

Jensen, F.B., Andersen, N.A., and Heisler, N., 1987. Effects of nitrite exposure on blood respiratory properties, acid–base and electrolyte regulation in the carp (Cyprinus carpio). Journal of Comparative Physiology Part B. 157(5): 533-541.

Knudsen, P.K., and Jensen, F.B., 1997. Recovery from nitrite-induced methaemoglobinnaemia and potassium balance disturbances in carp. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry. 16(1): 1-10

Kosaka, H., and Tyuma, I., 1987. Mechanism of autocatalytic oxidation of oxyhemoglobin by nitrite. Environmental Health Perspectives. 73: 147-151.

Kroupova, H., Machova, J., and Svobodova, Z., 2005. Nitrite influence on fish. A review. Veterinary Medicine. 50(11): 461-471.

Le Van Cat, Do Thi Hong Nhung and Ngo Ngoc Cat, 2006. Water quality in aquaculture and methods for water quality improvement. Science and Technique Publishing House, Ha Noi. 424 pages (in Vietnamese).

Lefevre, S., Jensen, F.B., Huong, D.T.T., Wang, T., Phuong, N.T., and Bayley, M., 2011. Effects of nitrite exposure on functional haemoglobin levels, bimodalrespiration, and swimming performance in the facultative air-breathing fish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus. Aquatic Toxicology. 104: 86-93.

Lefevre, S., Jensen, F.B., Huong, D.T.T., Wang, T., Phuong, N.T., and Bayley, M., 2012. Haematological and ion regulatory effects of nitrite in the air-breathing snakehead fish Channa striata. Aquatic Toxicology. 118: 48-53.

Lewis, W.M., and Morris, D.P., 1986. Toxicity of nitrite to fish: A review. Transaction of American Fisheries Society. 115(2): 183-195.

Luskova, V., 1997. Annual cycles and normal values of hematological parameters in fishes. Acta scientiarum naturalium Academiae Scientiarum Bohemicae, Brno. 31(5): 70-78.

Margiocco, C., Arillo, A., Mensi, P., and Schenone, G., 1983. Nitrite bioaccumulation in Salmo gairdneri rich and haematological consequences. Aquatic Toxicology. 3(3): 26-270.

Mohr, A., Wolf, W., Bohl, M., and Hoffmann, R., 1986. Quantification of methemoglobin reduction in red blood cells of the rainbow trout Salmo gaidneri. Journal of Fish Biology. 29(4): 483-487.

Naylor, R.L., Goldburg, R.J., Primavera, J.H., et al., 2000. Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies. Nature. 405: 1017-1024.

Nguyen Thanh Long, 2015. Clown knifefish (Chitala ornata) culture systemin hapa in Hau Giang province. Aquaculture and Rural Development Journal, 263: 86-89 (in Vietnamese).

Paula-Silva, M.N., Costa, O.T.F., Almeida-Val, V.M.F., and Val, A.L., 1996. Effects of nitrite on haematological aspects of Astronotus ocellatus of the Amazon. In: Symposium Proceedings on Tropical Fish, San Francisco State University Press. 121-135.

Stormer, J., Jensen, F.B., and Rankin, J.C., 1996. Uptake of nitrite, nitrate, and bromide in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss: Effects on ionic balance. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 53: 1943-1950.

Svobodová, Z., Máchová, J., Poleszczuk, G., H˚uda, J., Hamáˇcková, J., and Kroupová, H., 2005. Nitrite poisoning of fish in aquaculture facilities with water-recirculating systems. Journal Acta Veterinaria Brno. 74: 129-137.

Yusoff, F.M., Law, A.T., Goh, Y.J., and Subasinghe. R., 1998. Effects of nitrite and pH on a tropical fish fry, Puntius gonionotus (Bleeker). Pertanika Journal of Tropical Agricultural Science. 21(1): 29-36.

Most read articles by the same author(s)

1 2 > >>